Hard-Network

Troubleshooting Utilities and functionsQUOTEPINGsiVerifies and tests connectivity
WinIPCFGDisplays the current TCP/IP configuration and information on windows95/98
IPCONFIGDisplays the current TCP/IP configuration and information on98/NT/2000
TRACERTDisplays the path a packet takes to a destination host computer
NETSTATDisplays the TCP/IP protocol sessions, connections and open portconnection information
NBTSTATDisplays a list of NetBIOS computer names that have been resolved toIP addresses
ROUTEDisplays or modifies the local routing table
ARPDisplays the cache of locally resolved IP addresses to MAC (mediaaccess control) addresses
LPQObtains status of the print queue on a host running the LPD services
IP Configuration [ipconfig] CommandQUOTEipconfig [/? /all /release [adapter] /renew [adapter]]/?Display this help message.
/allDisplay full configuration information.
/releaseRelease the IP address for the specified adapter.
/renewRenew the IP address for the specified adapter.The default is to display only the IP address, subnet mask anddefault gateway for each adapter bound to TCP/IP.For Release and Renew, if no adapter name is specified, then the IPaddress leases for all adapters bound to TCP/IP will be released orrenewed.
Ping CommandQUOTEping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS][-r count] [-s count] [[-j host-list] [-k host-list]][-w timeout] destination- list
-tPing the specifed host until stopped.To see statistics and continue - type Control-Break;To stop - type Control-C.
-aResolve addresses to hostnames.
-n countNumber of echo requests to send.
-l sizeSend buffer size.
-fSet Don't Fragment flag in packet.
-iTTL Time To Live.
-vTOS Type Of Service.
-r countRecord route for count hops.
-s countTimestamp for count hops.
-j host-listLoose source route along host-list.
-k host-listStrict source route along host-list.
Trace Route [tracert] CommandQUOTEtracert [-d] [-h maximum_hops] [-j host-list] [-w timeout] target_name
-dDo not resolve addresses to hostnames.
-h maximum_hopsMaximum number of hops to search for target.
-j host-listLoose source route along host-list.
-w timeoutWait timeout milliseconds for each reply
Netstat CommandQUOTEDisplays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP network connections.NETSTAT [-a] [-e] [-n] [-s] [-p proto] [-r] [interval]
-aDisplays all connections and listening ports. (Server-sideconnections are normally not shown).
-eDisplays Ethernet statistics. This may be combined with the -soption.
-nDisplays addresses and port numbers in numerical form.
-p protoShows connections for the protocol specified by proto; proto may betcp or udp. If used with the -s option to display per-protocolstatistics, proto may be tcp, udp, or ip.
-rDisplays the contents of the routing table.
-sDisplays per-protocol statistics. By default, statistics are shownfor TCP, UDP and IP; the -p option may be used to specify a subset ofthe default.
intervalRedisplays selected statistics, pausing interval seconds between eachdisplay. Press CTRL+C to stop redisplaying statistics. If omitted,netstat will print the current configuration information once.
Nbtstat CommandQUOTEDisplays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT(NetBIOS over TCP/IP).NBTSTAT [-a RemoteName] [-A IP address] [-c] [-n] [-r] [-R] [-s] [-S][interval] ]
-a (adapter status)Lists the remote machine's name table given its name
-A (Adapter status)Lists the remote machine's name table given its
-c (cache)Lists the remote name cache including the IP addresses
-n (names)Lists local NetBIOS names.
-r (resolved)Lists names resolved by broadcast and via WINS
-R (Reload)Purges and reloads the remote cache name table
-S (Sessions)Lists sessions table with the destination IP addresses.
-s (sessions)Lists sessions table converting destination IP addresses to hostnames via the hosts file.
RemoteNameRemote host machine name.
IP addressDotted decimal representation of the IP address.
intervalRedisplays selected statistics, pausing interval seconds between eachdisplay. Press Ctrl+C to stop redisplaying statistics.
Route CommandQUOTEManipulates network routing tables.ROUTE [-fp] [command [destination] [MASK netmask] [gateway]]
-fClears the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used inconjunction with one of the commands, the tables are cleared prior torunning the command.
-pWhen used with the ADD command, makes a route persistent across bootsof the system. By default, routes are not preserved when the systemis restarted. When used with the PRINT command, displays the list ofregistered persistent routes. Ignored for all other commands, whichalways affect the appropriate persistent routes.
commandSpecifies one of four commands:PRINT Prints a route ADD Adds a routeDELETE Deletes a routeCHANGE Modifies an existing route destination Specifies the host tosend command.MASK If the MASK keyword is present, the next parameter isinterpreted as the netmask parameter.netmask. If provided, specifies a sub-net mask value to be associatedwith this route entry. If not specified, if defaults to255.255.255. 255.